RASS - Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale
Assess sedation and agitation level in intensive care patients using the RASS Scale
Important Medical Disclaimer
This calculator is an educational and clinical decision support tool. Results DO NOT replace professional medical evaluation, laboratory tests, or clinical judgment. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional for diagnosis, treatment, and clinical decisions. Calculations are based on scientifically validated formulas but may not be applicable to all patients.
About the RASS Scale
The Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS) is a validated tool for objective assessment of sedation and agitation levels in critical patients. Developed in 1999, it has become widely adopted in intensive care units worldwide.
The scale ranges from -5 (unarousable) to +4 (combative), with zero representing an alert and calm patient. Assessment is quick, reliable, and easily applicable at the bedside by trained healthcare professionals.
Clinical Use
RASS is essential for sedation monitoring in ICU, enabling precise titration of sedatives and analgesics, identification of agitation or excessive sedation, and assistance in mechanical ventilation weaning. It is associated with reduced mechanical ventilation duration and hospital length of stay when used in goal-directed sedation protocols.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the RASS Scale?
The Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS) is a validated 10-point scale (-5 to +4) used to assess sedation and agitation levels in critical patients in intensive care units.
How is RASS assessment performed?
RASS assessment involves three steps: 1) Observe the patient (if alert, score 0; if agitated, score +1 to +4). 2) If drowsy, call by name (score -1 to -3). 3) If no response, apply physical stimulation (score -4 or -5).
What is the ideal RASS score?
The ideal score varies according to clinical objective. For mechanical ventilation weaning, RASS 0 (alert and calm) to -1 (drowsy) is ideal. For ventilated patients in acute phase, RASS -2 (light sedation) is generally appropriate.
How often should RASS be assessed?
RASS should be regularly assessed in critical patients, typically every 4-8 hours in stable patients, or more frequently (every 1-2 hours) in unstable patients or during sedative titration.