Norton Scale

Assess pressure ulcer risk

Norton Scale Calculator

About Norton Scale

The Norton Scale assesses pressure ulcer risk in hospitalized patients using 5 criteria scored 1-4 each. Total score: 5-20 points. Lower scores indicate higher risk. Validated tool for pressure injury prevention planning.

Each criterion is scored from 1 (highest risk) to 4 (lowest risk), with total scores ranging from 5-20 points. Scores of 14 or below indicate significant risk for pressure ulcer development and require preventive interventions. The scale is widely used in acute care, long-term care, and rehabilitation settings.

Scientific References

  1. [1] Norton D, McLaren R, Exton-Smith AN. An Investigation of Geriatric Nursing Problems in Hospital. London: National Corporation for the Care of Old People; 1962.
  2. [2] Norton D. Calculating the risk: reflections on the Norton Scale. Adv Wound Care. 1996;9(6):38-43.
  3. [3] Pancorbo-Hidalgo PL, Garcia-Fernandez FP, Lopez-Medina IM, Alvarez-Nieto C. Risk assessment scales for pressure ulcer prevention: a systematic review. J Adv Nurs. 2006;54(1):94-110.
  4. [4] Anthony D, Parboteeah S, Saleh M, Papanikolaou P. Norton, Waterlow and Braden scores: a review of the literature and a comparison between the scores and clinical judgement. J Clin Nurs. 2008;17(5):646-53.
  5. [5] European Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel, National Pressure Injury Advisory Panel and Pan Pacific Pressure Injury Alliance. Prevention and Treatment of Pressure Ulcers/Injuries: Clinical Practice Guideline. Emily Haesler (Ed.). EPUAP/NPIAP/PPPIA; 2019.