Frequently Asked Questions
What is the MUST Score?
The MUST (Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool) is a validated screening tool developed by the British Association for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (BAPEN) to identify adults at risk of malnutrition. It uses three independent criteria: BMI, unplanned weight loss in the past 3-6 months, and the effect of acute disease.
How is the MUST Score calculated?
The MUST Score is calculated by adding three components: Step 1 - BMI score (BMI <18.5 = 2 points, 18.5-20 = 1 point, >20 = 0 points), Step 2 - Unplanned weight loss score (>10% = 2 points, 5-10% = 1 point, <5% = 0 points), Step 3 - Acute disease effect (no nutritional intake >5 days = 2 points, otherwise 0 points). Total score ranges from 0-6 points.
What do the MUST Score results mean?
Score 0 = Low risk: Routine clinical care with repeat screening (weekly in hospital, monthly in care homes, annually in community). Score 1 = Medium risk: Observe and document dietary intake, repeat screening more frequently. Score ≥2 = High risk: Refer to dietitian or nutritional support team, implement treatment plan, monitor weekly in hospital or monthly in care homes/community.
When should the MUST Score be used?
The MUST Score should be used on admission to hospitals, care homes, and at first clinic appointment. It should be repeated weekly for inpatients, monthly for care home residents, and regularly in the community. It is suitable for all adults but not for children under 18, pregnant women, or lactating mothers (alternative tools should be used).